| Rotator Cuff Tear 🎯 |
- Acute trauma (fall, lifting heavy object)
- Degenerative tear in older adults
- Repetitive overhead activity (sports, labour)
|
- Shoulder pain, worse at night 🌙
- Weakness in abduction & external rotation
- Painful arc, reduced overhead function
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- X-ray ➝ rule out fracture/arthritis
- Ultrasound/MRI ➝ confirm tear, assess extent
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- Conservative: Rest, NSAIDs, physio, steroid injection
- Surgical repair for large/full tears (esp. young/active)
|
| Tennis Elbow (Lateral Epicondylitis) 🎾 |
- Overuse of wrist extensors
- Repetitive gripping/typing/manual labour
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- Lateral elbow pain & tenderness
- Pain ↑ with resisted wrist extension
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- Clinical diagnosis
- Ultrasound: tendon thickening
- MRI if persistent/refractory
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- Activity modification, NSAIDs, physio (eccentric loading)
- Steroid or PRP injection if refractory
- Surgery in severe/chronic cases
|
| Golfer’s Elbow (Medial Epicondylitis) ⛳ |
- Repetitive wrist flexion/pronation
- Seen in golfers, pitchers, manual work
|
- Medial elbow pain
- Pain ↑ with resisted wrist flexion
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- Clinical diagnosis
- Ultrasound/MRI in severe cases
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- Rest, NSAIDs, physio (stretch & strengthen)
- Steroid/PRP injections if refractory
- Surgery for resistant cases
|
| Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ⌨️ |
- Repetitive wrist flexion (typing, assembly work)
- Pregnancy, RA, diabetes increase risk
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- Numbness/tingling in thumb, index, middle fingers
- Night symptoms 🌙
- Weak thumb abduction (thenar wasting if chronic)
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- Nerve conduction studies (gold standard)
- Ultrasound/MRI ➝ median nerve compression
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- Wrist splinting (esp. at night)
- Steroid injections, NSAIDs
- Surgical decompression if severe/persistent
|
| De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis 👍 |
- Repetitive thumb/wrist motion
- Common in new mothers (“mother’s wrist”)
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- Pain/swelling at thumb base
- Positive Finkelstein’s test
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- Clinical diagnosis
- US: thickened tendon sheath
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- Thumb spica splint + NSAIDs
- Steroid injection for persistent pain
- Surgical release if refractory
|
| Trigger Finger ☝️ |
- Repetitive gripping
- Linked to diabetes & RA
|
- Locking/catching finger
- Tenderness at A1 pulley
- Severe ➝ fixed flexion deformity
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- Clinical diagnosis
- US: thickened tendon sheath
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- Splinting, NSAIDs
- Steroid injection for moderate cases
- Surgical release if refractory
|
