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Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and gastritis in Children
🧒 Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and gastritis affect the lining of the stomach and duodenum in children. ⚠️ Early recognition prevents complications such as bleeding or perforation. PUD occurs when open sores (ulcers) form in the stomach or upper small intestine (duodenum).
🧾 Causes
- 🦠 Helicobacter pylori infection
- 💊 Use of NSAIDs
- 🔥 Excess stomach acid
- 😰 Stress-related ulcers (rare in children)
⚡ Symptoms
- 🔥 Burning epigastric pain, worse after meals
- 🤢 Nausea & vomiting
- 🍽️ Loss of appetite & weight loss
- 🩸 Dark, tarry stools (GI bleeding)
- 🎈 Bloating or early satiety
🚨 Note: Complications include bleeding, perforation, or obstruction → urgent medical care needed.
🌿 Gastritis
Gastritis = inflammation of the stomach lining, acute (sudden) or chronic (long-term).
🧾 Causes
- 🦠 H. pylori infection
- 💊 NSAIDs
- 🦠 Viral or bacterial infections
- 🩹 Stress/trauma (injury, surgery)
- ♻️ Bile reflux
- 🧬 Autoimmune gastritis
⚡ Symptoms
- 🤕 Epigastric pain/discomfort
- 🤢 Nausea, vomiting, indigestion
- 🎈 Bloating, early satiety
📌 Chronic gastritis may → ulcers or ↑ risk of gastric cancer. Early treatment matters.
🔬 Diagnosis
- 👩⚕️ Clinical history & exam
- 🩸 Blood tests (anaemia, infection)
- 💩 Stool antigen test (H. pylori, blood)
- 📷 Endoscopy (visualise ulcers/inflammation)
- 💨 Urea breath test (H. pylori)
💊 Treatment
- 🦠 Antibiotics → eradicate H. pylori
- 💊 PPIs (reduce acid)
- 💊 H2 blockers (acid suppression)
- 💊 Antacids (symptomatic relief)
- 🚫 Avoid NSAIDs / use safer alternatives
- 🥗 Dietary: avoid spicy, acidic, or fatty foods
👩⚕️ Note: Refer to a paediatric gastroenterologist for persistent/recurrent cases.
💡 Clinical Pearls
- 📍 Epigastric pain relieved by food → duodenal ulcer; worsened by food → gastric ulcer.
- 🧪 Always test for H. pylori in suspected cases.
- 📉 Anaemia in a child with PUD may signal chronic bleeding.
- 🧃 Milk can temporarily soothe pain but stimulates acid → not a long-term fix.
| The content on this website is provided for educational and informational purposes only to support exam preparation (e.g., MLA, MRCP, USMLE) and learning. This is NOT medical advice, diagnosis, treatment, or professional guidance. It does not replace consultation with a qualified healthcare professional, official guidelines (e.g., NICE, GMC, BNF), or supervised clinical practice. Always verify information with current, authoritative sources. Makindo and its contributors accept no liability for any reliance on this content, including errors, omissions, or any resulting harm, loss, or consequences. By using this site, you agree to these terms. |
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