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Thyroglossal Cyst (Children)
Related Subjects: |Neck Swellings by Triangle |Thyroglossal cyst |Head and Neck Cancers |Triangles of the neck |Cervical Lymphadenopathy
📘 About
- Developmental abnormality of the thyroid gland descent.
🧬 Aetiology
- Occurs during embryological development as the thyroid descends in the neck.
- The cyst forms along the thyroglossal tract.
- Attached to the pretracheal fascia.
👩⚕️ Clinical Features
- Small, painless, fluctuant lump.
- Usually close to the midline of the neck.
- Classically lies above the hyoid bone.
- Moves upwards on swallowing 🥤.
- Moves upwards on sticking out the tongue 👅 (diagnostic sign).
🧪 Investigations
- Ultrasound neck → confirms cyst and checks for normal thyroid tissue.
- Thyroid function tests (TFTs) → ensure normal functioning thyroid.
- Fine-needle aspiration cytology (if atypical or suspicious features).
🛠️ Management
- Surgical removal with the Sistrunk procedure ✂️.
- Includes excision of the cyst, the thyroglossal tract, and part of the hyoid bone to prevent recurrence.
- Recurrence is common if only simple excision is performed.
📚 References
| The content on this website is provided for educational and informational purposes only to support exam preparation (e.g., MLA, MRCP, USMLE) and learning. This is NOT medical advice, diagnosis, treatment, or professional guidance. It does not replace consultation with a qualified healthcare professional, official guidelines (e.g., NICE, GMC, BNF), or supervised clinical practice. Always verify information with current, authoritative sources. Makindo and its contributors accept no liability for any reliance on this content, including errors, omissions, or any resulting harm, loss, or consequences. By using this site, you agree to these terms. |
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