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Ceftazidime 💊
💉 Ceftazidime is notable for its strong anti-Pseudomonal activity. ⚠️ About 1–6% of penicillin-sensitive patients will also be allergic to cephalosporins. ❌ Patients with a history of immediate hypersensitivity to penicillin or other beta-lactams should not receive cephalosporins. ⚠️ Use with caution in those with beta-lactam sensitivity.
📖 About
Always check the BNF link here.
- 💊 3rd generation cephalosporin.
- 🦠 Excellent activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
⚙️ Action
- 🔗 Inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking → disrupts bacterial cell wall synthesis.
- 🛑 Bactericidal action.
💉 Indications / Dose
- 🧠 Bacterial meningitis.
- 🩸 Septicaemia, pneumonia, biliary sepsis, peritonitis.
- 💧 UTIs and pyelonephritis.
- ⚖️ Mild–moderate infection: 500 mg – 1 g BD IV / deep IM / IV infusion.
- 🔥 Severe infection: 1 g TDS or 2 g BD IV / deep IM / IV infusion. Max dose: 6 g/day (reduce to 3 g/day in elderly).
🔄 Interactions
- ⚠️ May increase effect of warfarin → monitor INR more closely.
⚠️ Cautions
- 🚫 Allergy to penicillin or cephalosporins.
- 💧 Renal impairment (dose adjustment needed).
- 🧪 May cause false-positive urine glucose (dipstick) or Coombs’ test.
- 💉 High IV doses can increase sodium and potassium load.
⛔ Contraindications
- Severe hypersensitivity reactions to beta-lactams.
- ⚠️ Cross-sensitivity: ~10% of penicillin-allergic patients may also react to cephalosporins.
💥 Side Effects
- 🤢 GI: diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, antibiotic-associated colitis.
- 🌡️ Hypersensitivity: rash, urticaria, Stevens–Johnson syndrome, TEN.
- 🧪 Hepatic: hepatitis, cholestatic jaundice.
- 🩸 Haematological: ↓ WCC, platelets, granulocytes, aplastic anaemia.
- 💧 Renal: interstitial nephritis.
- 🧠 CNS: headache, delirium (rare).
📚 References
| The content on this website is provided for educational and informational purposes only to support exam preparation (e.g., MLA, MRCP, USMLE) and learning. This is NOT medical advice, diagnosis, treatment, or professional guidance. It does not replace consultation with a qualified healthcare professional, official guidelines (e.g., NICE, GMC, BNF), or supervised clinical practice. Always verify information with current, authoritative sources. Makindo and its contributors accept no liability for any reliance on this content, including errors, omissions, or any resulting harm, loss, or consequences. By using this site, you agree to these terms. |
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