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Enoximone 💊
Always check the BNF link here 📖 for the most up-to-date guidance.
⚙️ Mode of Action
- Enoximone is a phosphodiesterase-3 (PDE-3) inhibitor 💊.
- Increases intracellular cAMP in cardiac myocytes → enhanced calcium influx → positive inotropy (increased contractility).
- Also causes vasodilation by relaxing vascular smooth muscle → reduced preload and afterload.
💊 Indications & Dose
| Indication | Dose / Frequency | Route |
|---|---|---|
| Acute decompensated congestive cardiac failure (CCF) | 0.5–1 mg/kg IV (max infusion rate 12.5 mg/min), then 500 micrograms/kg every 30 min, titrated to response.
Maximum: 3 mg/kg over 3–6 h. |
IV |
⚠️ Reserved for short-term management of severe, refractory heart failure when standard therapy is insufficient.
⚠️ Interactions
- See BNF. May interact with other inotropes, vasodilators, and anti-arrhythmics.
🔎 Cautions
- Use only under specialist supervision with close monitoring (ECG, BP, renal function).
- Hypotension and arrhythmias are common risks ⚡.
🚫 Contraindications
- Avoid in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) or severe valve stenosis (risk of worsening obstruction).
❗ Side Effects
- Hypotension, tachyarrhythmias, chest pain ❤️.
- GI upset (nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea) 🤢.
- Thrombocytopenia (rare).
📚 References
- BNF - Enoximone
- ESC Guidelines on Acute Heart Failure
📝 Revisions
- Added mechanism detail and clarified dosing/monitoring pearls.
| The content on this website is provided for educational and informational purposes only to support exam preparation (e.g., MLA, MRCP, USMLE) and learning. This is NOT medical advice, diagnosis, treatment, or professional guidance. It does not replace consultation with a qualified healthcare professional, official guidelines (e.g., NICE, GMC, BNF), or supervised clinical practice. Always verify information with current, authoritative sources. Makindo and its contributors accept no liability for any reliance on this content, including errors, omissions, or any resulting harm, loss, or consequences. By using this site, you agree to these terms. |
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