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Blood gas values

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Blood Gases (breathing air at sea level)

Blood H+ 35-45 nmol/L from which is calculated pH 7.36-7.44
PaO₂ 11.3-12.6 kPa
PaCO₂ 4.7-6.0 kPa
HCO₃ 22-26 mmol/l
Base excess +/- 2 mmol/L
Carboxyhaemoglobin: Non-smoker < 2%, Smoker 3-10%,

Interpretation

pH < 7.36 = Acidosis
pH > 7.44 = Alkalosis
Acidosis + PaCO₂ > 6.0 Kpa suggests respiratory acidosis and there may be compensatory elevated HCO₃ to normalise pH
Acidosis + low HCO₃ suggests Metabolic acidosis and there maybe a compensatory low PaCO₂ to normalise pH

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